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Hermann Detzner
Hermann Philipp Detzner (16 October 1882 – 1 December 1970) was an officer in the German colonial security force (''Schutztruppe'') in ''Kamerun'' (Cameroon) and German New Guinea, as well as a surveyor, an engineer, an adventurer, and a writer.
In early 1914, the German government sent Detzner to explore and chart the interior of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, the imperial protectorate on the island of New Guinea. When World War I broke out in Europe, he was well into the interior and without radio contact. He refused to surrender to Australian troops when they occupied German New Guinea, concealing himself in the jungle with a band of approximately 20 soldiers. For four years, Detzner and his troops provocatively marched through the bush, singing "Watch on the Rhine" and flying the German Imperial flag. He led at least one expedition from the Huon Peninsula to the north coast, and a second by a mountain route, to attempt an escape to the neutral Dutch colony to the west. He explored areas of the New Guinean interior formerly unseen by Europeans and surrendered in full dress uniform, flying the Imperial flag, to Australian forces in January 1919.
Detzner received a hero's welcome when he returned to Germany. He wrote a book about his adventures—''Four Years Among the Cannibals in the Interior of German New Guinea under the Imperial Flag, from 1914 until the Armistice''—that achieved notoriety in Great Britain and Germany, entered three printings, and was translated into French, English, Finnish and Swedish. He received a position in the Imperial Colonial Archives, and appeared frequently on the lecture circuit throughout the 1920s. In the late 1920s, scientific portions of his book were discredited. In 1932, he admitted that he had mixed fact and fiction and, after that time, eschewed public life.
==Family==
Detzner was the son of a dentist, Johann Philipp Detzner (12 July 1846 – 1907) and his wife, Wilhelmine Katharina Faber, in the city of Speyer, in the Bavarian Palatinate, a cultural, economic, and historical center on the Rhine River. His father received his degree from Heidelberg University and was licensed to practice by the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1867; Detzner's father pioneered innovations in dental prosthetics.〔His most important book was ''Praktische Darstellung der Zahnersatzkunde'' (''A practical treatise on Mechanical Dentistry''), which was republished in 1899; Adolf Petermann'', Zahnärztlicher Almanach: Ein alphabetisch geordnetes Namensverzeichniss''. sv. Frankfurt, 1877, p. 8; ''Korrespondenz-Blatt für Zahnärzte'', v. 14, 1885, p. 368; ''Biographisches Handbuch des Deutschen Auswärtigen Dienstes'', 1871–1945: 1–F, 2000. p. 415; British Dental Association, ''Journal of the British Dental Association'', vol. 6, 1885, p. 60: the full name is ''Praktische Darstellung der Zahnersatzkunde. Eine Abhandlung über alle Zweige dieser Disciplin''.〕 His large family included nine children.〔 Sankt Georgium Evangelisch, Speyer, Pfalz, Bavaria, ''Germany, Births and Baptisms, 1558–1898.'' Salt Lake City, Utah: FamilySearch, 2013.〕 Hermann Detzner was trained as a topographer, surveyor, and an engineer, and received his promotion to ''Fahnrich'' in the 6 Infantry Regiment (Prussian), 2nd Pioneer Battalion, in February 1902.〔Kriegsministerium, ''Verordnungsblatt des Königlich Bayerischen Kriegsministeriums'', Munich, 1902. p. 34.〕 During World War I, military authorities transferred his commission to the 1st Bavarian Pioneer Battalion.〔 Bayerisches Hauptstaatsarchiv, ''Abteilung IV Kriegsarchiv. Kriegstammrollen, 1914–1918''. Volume: 16356. Kriegsrangliste: Bd. 1. 〕
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